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Working Capital Loans: What They Are and How They Work

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Smiling plant shop owner holding a potted plant in her store, a small business that benefits from working capital solutions to manage inventory and cash flow

Traditional funding options weren't built with growing businesses in mind. Here's how working capital solutions offer a faster, more flexible path to the cash your business needs to keep moving.

Business growth Working capital

Cash flow is one of the most persistent challenges growing businesses face. You might have strong sales, a loyal customer base, and a product people love, but if money isn’t coming in fast enough to cover what’s going out, growth can stall.  

Unfortunately, traditional funding options that are supposed to help often make things harder, with lengthy applications, credit checks, collateral requirements, and weeks of waiting, all for an uncertain outcome. 

The good news is that the landscape is shifting. A new generation of working capital solutions has emerged that’s faster, more accessible, and built around how businesses generate revenue.  

So, whether you’re eyeing a bulk inventory order, planning to bring on staff before a busy season, or just trying to keep operations steady during a slow stretch, there’s a path forward that doesn’t involve a bank branch or a pile of paperwork: working capital loans. 

What is working capital, and how does it work?

Working capital, at its most basic, is the money a business has available to fund its day-to-day operations. It’s the difference between your incoming revenue and your short-term expenses — cash on hand versus bills due. 

For many growing businesses, that balance is tighter than it should be. According to PYMNTS, roughly 50% of small businesses rely on day-to-day sales or existing cash to stay afloat. That can leave small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) without the funds they need for: 

  • Investing 
  • Unexpected costs 
  • Seasonal expenses 
  • Funds for expansion 

Working capital solutions are funding products designed to bridge that gap. You may also see them described as revenue-based financing or merchant cash advances, depending on the provider. Rather than large, long-term loans intended for capital investments, these products provide shorter-term access to cash that you can put to work right away. 

Here’s how it works: 

  1. A provider reviews your recent sales performance and revenue history to determine how much you’re eligible for 
  1. You receive an offer within your existing payment portal and agree to the terms 
  1. Funds are deposited into your account, often within one to two business days  

Repayments are based on a small percentage of your daily or weekly sales, which means what you pay back rises and falls with your actual revenue. And because payments are automatic, you never have to keep track of deadlines or invoices. 

How is working capital different from traditional bank loans?

Traditional bank loans are built around a lending model designed for a different era of business. To qualify, you typically need several years of operating history, strong personal or business credit, collateral like real estate or equipment, and a detailed business plan. Even then, the process can take weeks or months, and approval isn’t guaranteed. 

That model leaves a significant portion of businesses behind. Goldman Sachs research found that 77% of small business owners worry about access to capital. And PYMNTS data shows that only about 39% of Main Street SMBs have access to financing sources like business credit cards and working capital loans. 

Newer working capital solutions take a fundamentally different approach.  

Rather than leading with credit history, they look at actual business performance: how much revenue a business is generating, and how consistently. That shift matters because a business with healthy sales but a limited credit history can still qualify, opening the door to funding for a much broader range of owners. 

Speed is another factor. While traditional loans can take 30 or more days to fund, most working capital solutions are designed to provide businesses with funds in one to two business days. In many cases, offers are pre-generated based on existing payment processing data, which means you’re looking at a real, personalized number before you’ve filled out a single form. 

Small business owner on the phone while managing inventory in a warehouse, using working capital to restock and keep operations running smoothly

How does eligibility and repayment work?

Because working capital solutions are built around revenue rather than credit, the eligibility framework is different from what you’d encounter at a bank. 

Providers that offer this type of financing typically assess eligibility based on four key factors: 

  • Your average monthly sales volume 
  • How long you’ve been processing payments 
  • The consistency of your transaction history 
  • The overall health of your payment accounts 

Credit scores and collateral typically aren’t part of the equation. That makes these products accessible to businesses that are operationally strong but may not have a long credit history. It’s also great for newer businesses and those that have dealt with financial setbacks in the past. 

One practical upside of this model is that the more consistently you process sales, the stronger your eligibility will be. For instance, some providers update offers dynamically as your revenue grows, so access to capital can scale with your business 

SMBs face a lot of challenges when it comes to accessing financing through traditional channels. For instance, the World Bank Group found that there’s a $5.7 trillion financing gap across 119 emerging markets and developing economies. Revenue-based working capital offers a meaningful alternative for the businesses that gap leaves behind. 

On the repayment side, it’s important to look for working capital solutions that calculate repayment as a percentage of daily sales rather than a fixed monthly payment. That’s because a fixed payment stays the same whether you had your best week of the year or your slowest. On the other hand, a sales-based repayment adjusts automatically, which means you pay less on slower days and more on days when sales are high. This framework protects your margins on slow days and helps prevent cash flow issues. 

The best capital solutions also charge a single, fixed fee (sometimes called a factor rate) rather than an interest rate that compounds over time. That means you know the full cost of your loan upfront, with no surprises as you repay it. 

What can you use working capital for?

One of the advantages of most working capital solutions is that they don’t come with strict restrictions on how the funds are used. That’s intentional — because every business’s priorities are different, and the most urgent opportunity today may look nothing like the one next quarter. Let’s break down a few examples. 

Inventory 

Inventory is one of the first areas businesses often invest their new capital. Whether you’re stocking up ahead of a high-demand season, taking advantage of a bulk-pricing opportunity from a supplier, or trying to avoid stockouts that cost you customers, fast access to capital lets you act when the timing is right rather than when your bank account allows it. 

Equipment 

Equipment upgrades follow a similar logic. New equipment often means higher capacity, better efficiency, or services you couldn’t offer before. But the cost is typically front-loaded while the benefit takes time to materialize. Working capital can close that gap without disrupting day-to-day operations. 

Staffing and training 

Staffing and training are other common use cases. Bringing on an extra team member before a busy season gets underway, instead of scrambling to hire once it’s already peaked, requires capital that most businesses don’t have just sitting by. The same applies to training a team on a new system or service. 

Marketing and development 

Marketing and business development round out the picture. Running a campaign, attending an industry event, or investing in a new channel all require upfront spending. Working capital lets businesses act on those opportunities without drawing down the operational reserves they depend on. 

Beyond those specific categories, a lot of businesses simply use working capital to strengthen their cash position. A buffer provides flexibility when unexpected expenses hit or when a major customer takes longer than expected to pay. 

Veterinary team examining a small dog in a clinic, a growing business that can use working capital loans to invest in equipment and staffing

How to get started

PYMNTS research found that 90% of SMBs say access to embedded financial products and services is essential to their operations. However, separate PYMNTS data shows that only about 44% have access to the working capital solutions they need. 

The best working capital solutions are ones that fit into how your business already operates. Look for providers that evaluate eligibility based on your actual sales volume, offer funding without a drawn-out application process, and structure repayment in a way that adjusts with your revenue. Transparency around fees matters too; a clear, fixed cost upfront is much more manageable than a rate that shifts over time. 

If you’re already processing payments through a platform that offers embedded capital, start there. Ideally, your offer will be built around your transaction data, with minimal processes and quick funding.  

Flute Capital is designed to do exactly that.  

As part of the Flute payments platform, eligible businesses receive working capital offers based on their actual payment processing history — no credit check, no collateral, and no separate application required. The process takes minutes, funding arrives within one to two business days, and repayment adjusts with your daily sales, so your cash flow stays protected. 

If you’re already processing with Flute, check your dashboard to see if there’s an offer ready for you. Or reach out to a member of our team to learn how to get started.